Cost of the Good Life Essay

Overall wellbeing, an extravagant lifestyle, and wealth all come to mind when I ponder the good life but what does the good life actually cost? At first glance, this seems like a loaded question that requires multiple dissertations in order to answer. I even contemplated whether or not the good life had a cost at all. Breaking the good life into separate topics relieves much of the stress when it comes to giving an answer. In terms of consumerism, the good life is damaging to the environment, places too much emphasis on money, and it dwindles the importance of non-market values. According to Annie Leonard’s â€Å"The Story of Stuff†, our current materials economy is a commodity chain in which goods go from extraction, to production, to distribution, to consumption, and finally to disposal. The system sounds stable but it is actually in crisis. Anyone with a simple understanding of mathematics can tell you that you cannot run a linear system on a finite planet in the real world. In order for us, the consumers, to get all of our fancy products and up-to-date technologies, a process that we turn a blind eye to takes place. At the source of the process, there is natural resource exploitation. â€Å"We chop down the trees, blow up mountains to get the metals inside, use up all the water, and wipe out all the animals.† As consumers, we are running out of resources because we have too much stuff! In the past three decades alone, one third of the planet’s natural resource space has been consumed. We are undermining the planets very ability for people to live here. In the United States, less than four percent of our original forests are left and forty percent of the waterways have become unsanitary. When the resources start to deplete, we do the same thing to third world or lesser developed nations. The erosion of the local environments of these nations and economies ensures a constant flow of natives that rely on the little money they can earn while working in factories. We have become a nation of consumers largely due to planned and perceived obsolescence. Planned obsolescence is the art of designing products that don’t last a long time but last long enough for someone to buy the product again. Perceived obsolescence is changing the design of things to follow trends and keep up with the times. The number one example that people can relate to is the iPhone. If you don’t have the newest and  greatest iPhone, you are a social outcast. While this might be a tad over exaggerated, it’s not too far from the truth. In all actuality, polls show that our national happiness is declining even though we have more stuff than ever before. This is because we have less time for the things that truly make us happy like friends, family, and leisure time. At the cost of our planet and environment, are we really even living the good life? Fritjof Capra of â€Å"Qualitative Growth† said that â€Å"human needs are finite, but human greed is not. The major problems of our time cannot be understood in isolation; they are all interconnected and interdependent.† In our current economy, we have put currency on a pedestal that is far too high for us to reach anymore. Most of the goods that are produced and sold are often unneeded and therefore are essentially waste. Even still, demographic pressure and poverty form a vicious circle that lead to fewer jobs and wider poverty gaps. These are the costs of the good life. Our current global economy is a system striving for unlimited quantitative growth and is manifestly unsustainable as previously stated. Looking again from an ecological standpoint, the bad growth resulting from this system leads to externalizing social and environmental costs, is based on fossil fuels, involves toxic substances, depletes our natural resources, and degrades the Earth’s ecosystems. Harvard professor Michael Sandel adds what I believe to be the most interesting cost of the good life when it comes to affluenza. He argues that over the last three decades, we have drifted from having a market economy to becoming a market society. Although these two seem to be synonymous, they are actually quite different. A market economy is a valuable and effective tool for organizing productive activity while a market society is a place where almost everything is up for sale. By doing this, we have created a way of life in which market values â€Å"seep into almost every sphere of life and sometimes crowd out or corrode important, non-market values.† One of the examples that professor Sandel uses is congressional hearings in Washington D.C.. Lobbyists want to attend these hearings and because the seats are limited, line-standing companies have arisen. Line-standing companies hire homeless people and pay them an hourly rate in order to wait in line just  before the hearing. According to the professor, this is wrong for two reasons. â€Å"In a democratic society, everyone should have equal access to representative government. The other reason it’s wrong is that it demeans representative government.† When it comes to the point where almost everything in our public life is sold off to the highest bidder, something is lost. Money matters more and more in our society. And against the background of rising inequality, money takes a toll on the commonality of our civic life. In other words, we lose a part of ourselves. Do we go so far that we are cheapening important social goods and civic goods that are worth caring about? Society will eventually become a place of narcissistic opportunism where people will be buying their way into and out of positive and negative situations. What is the good life worth? I’ve been struggling with this question a great deal lately. You may or may not be familiar with the term first world problems. They are frustrations and complaints that are only experienced by privileged individuals, typically used as a comedic device to make light of trivial inconveniences. Not having the latest gadget and the newest clothes from a particular store are just a few examples. When I bought something, I failed to realize what I was actually paying. I now know that these consumer goods cost natural resources, valuable money, and so much more. The simplest way I can put it is that the cost of the good life: priceless.

Magic Toyshop Essay

The Magic Toyshop is the second novel of the feminist writer Angela Carter. It is one of the most popular of her early books. In Carter’s works mythological and Biblical themes often appear, and The Magic Toyshop is a good example of that. This essay is intended to discuss the introductory chapter of The Magic Toyshop, in which Carter rewrites a major Biblical story. The Magic Toyshop follows the story of a teenage girl, Melanie. She is one of three children, her younger brother is Jonathon and her five year old sister is Victoria. They live in the English countryside in a middle class family. Their house is spacious; they all have their own bedrooms. Their parents are rich, successful and the children have everything they need. The children have a middle aged governess Mrs. Rundle. She is overweight, was never married, only added the Mrs. title to her name a few years ago as a present to herself. Melanie has a fear of becoming someone like Mrs. Rundle. She does not believe in God but she prays that she would marry and have sex in her life. She is worried about her weight because she thinks she is too thin, but she would not eat too much either because then she might become fat and never marry. She already sees herself as someone’s wife; she looks at herself as a male would do. (Gamble 69) The novel tells the story of the children becoming orphans and having to leave their home. Their parents are killed in a plane crash and the three children must leave the countryside to live with their uncle in London. Uncle Phillip owns a toyshop and is a toymaker himself. The orphans do not know anything about him; Melanie’s only memory of him is that when she was a little girl he made her a jack in the box which was very scary. They do not know that the world they are about to enter is radically different from the one they lived in until now. At the beginning of the novel Melanie is a happy fifteen year old girl who is starting to discover herself. She explores her body, discovers it as a colonizer discovers the unknown land. She likes to pose in front of her mirror; she plays the roles of the characters of paintings (by male painters naturally). The novel uses the terminologies of explorers thus making us believe there is a male voice behind the words. Melanie’s only wish is to marry well. She is already getting ready for married life, she is making herself ready for a husband. She believes that marriage is the only way to have inancial and emotional security, the only way to be a respectable woman and to have a happy life. This is the only way she knows. This is what the culture, the social background of the age indoctrinated her to believe. She is dreaming of a perfect husband who is handsome, gentle, amiable, who has a good job and adequate financial background. Although she is a little worried about not getting this perfect life, not having sex, she genuinely believes that things are going to work out for the best. Melanie is planning to spend her adolescence preparing for the life that comes after. However soon enough she will realize that life is not a fairytale. She will meet and fall in love with a boy that does not fit in the image of the perfect husband she pictured for herself, a boy that she would have never thought to fell for under normal circumstances. She will realize how these circumstances can make her grow up in a few days – or even a few hours as on the train ride to London she realizes she has to be the mother of her little brother and sister – , and how they can suddenly take away all of her dreams and principles. However there is another way to interpret the beginning of the first chapter, the scene where she is exploring her body. Melanie is not only preparing herself for her future groom, but she is exploring her own sexuality too. She is in the age when she realizes that she is a woman, that she has not only grown mentally but physically too. â€Å"In Carter’s own words, Melanie ‘is very conscious of desire, she is filled with it. And that gives her power’. † (Gamble 69-70) One night Melanie decides to go further then posing in her own bedroom. Her parents are not home, they are in America. In the darkness of the night, when everyone in the house is asleep, she goes to her parent’s bedroom. She looks at their wedding photograph and starts thinking about her parents. How she cannot imagine her mother naked, as she never saw her that way – she even jokes about her mother being born with clothes on -, and how her father always wears the same suit. She wonders if her parents had sex before their wedding – this makes her believe she really is growing up if thoughts like this occur in her mind. She notices Uncle Phillip in the picture and thinks about the old jack in the box she was so afraid of. Then she goes over to her mother’s dressing table and looks into the mirror. She starts posing there too and feels that she looks different in her mother’s mirror. This moment can be understood again as a flesh of transition between childhood and becoming a woman. Being in her parent’s room is like pretending to be an adult just like they are. Posing in her mother’s mirror Melanie is trying to imagine how she will look like and feel as an adult, married woman. This moonlit night is the one when the fall happens†¦ Looking at her parent’s wedding picture Melanie decides to try on her mother’s wedding dress. She finds the dress and puts it on but it is too big. She is a little disappointed but still thinks she looks beautiful in it. She feels like a bride. â€Å"A bride. Whose bride? But she was, tonight, sufficient for herself in her own glory and did nor need a groom. † (Carter 16) Melanie decides to go out to the garden. She first feels free and excited; the night was so different from the one she imagined. The moonlit garden was like the Garden of Eden. â€Å"She was alone. In her carapace of white satin, she was the last, the only woman. † (Carter 17) This realization of loneliness soon turns into panic. She truly feels alone and feels what happening is too much. Crying she runs back to the front door but it is closed†¦ She forgot her keys. Suddenly the sweet, dark night turns into a scary land. Melanie realizes what she did was forbidden. She is frightened, she thinks there is something in the dark. After Mrs. Rundle’s cat appears in the garden, Melanie feels a little more comfortable. She starts to pull herself together and decides she will climb up the apple tree to her window. (The apple tree can be a symbol of Eden again). But she cannot do that in the wedding dress. The cat gives her so much comfort that she can take the dress off. Then something happens: she realizes her own nakedness as never before. â€Å"She was horribly conscious of her own exposed nakedness. She felt a new and final kind of nakedness, as if she had taken even her own skin off and now stood clothed in nothing, nude in the ultimate nudity of the skeleton. (Carter 21) This scene might be interpreted as the happenings in the Bible right after the Fall. The serpent deceives Eve so she and Adam both eat from the forbidden tree. â€Å"Then the eyes of both of them were opened, and they realized they were naked; so they sewed fig leaves together and made coverings for themselves. † (New International Bible, Genesis 3:7) The naked Melanie puts down the dress and the cat climbs on it. It scratches the dress. Melanie starts climbing up the tree, she does not know how long it takes but she finally gets to her room. She bleeds form â€Å"hundreds of cuts† but does not mind the pain. She honestly regrets what she had done that night, but cannot take it back. She ate from the forbidden fruit and knows that she deserves the consequences. Right now pain seems to be the punishment. The morning has come and when Mrs. Rundle, Jonathon and Victoria leave the house Melanie is alone in the house with her sin. Somebody is knocking on the door. It is a messenger boy with a telegram in his hand. â€Å"As soon as she saw him, she knew what the telegram contained, as if the words were printed on his forehead. (Carter 24) She runs to the bathroom and vomits. She reads the telegram and realizes what she already guessed was true. Her parents were dead. Melanie’s childhood, her fairytale life ended in this moment. She committed a sin last night and now was expelled from Eden. â€Å"This ‘wedding dress night when she married the shadows’ (Carter 77) exiles her and her younger brother and sister from their comfortable, liberal, middle-class home in the country to live in a dark, narrow house above Uncle Phillip’s toyshop in south London. (Sage 15) And what was Melanie’s fault really? As Lorna Sage says it was the â€Å"stepping over the boundary between reality and fantasy† (Sage 15) Melanie, Jonathon and Victoria are taken to their Uncle Phillip’s house. Melanie soon realizes she will have to live there in terror, in constant fear of her uncle. She has to say good bye to the magical life she had in the countryside and has to grow up sooner then expected. We can understand Uncle Phillip’s house as Purgatory. She goes through a grueling rite of passage into the state of being a woman. Whatever way she might once have grown up is simply cancelled after she arrived at Uncle Phillip’s. † (Day 25) Melanie goes through hell until one day Uncle Phillips ends this story. When he learns that his wife has a sexual relationship with her own brother, he sets the house on fire. â€Å"In the end only Melanie and Finn are left standing amongst the wreckage staring at one another in wild surmise, Adam and Eve at the beginning of a new world. †

Nano Station M2/M5 Loco Manual

Models: NanoStation M2/M5 NanoStation Loco M2/M5/M900 Introduction Introduction Thank you for purchasing a Nanostation M series product. This is a point-to-point CPE wireless device. This Quick Start Guide is for use with the following models: Model NanoStation M2 NanoStation M5 NanoStation Loco M2 NanoStation Loco M5 NanoStation Loco M900 Operating Frequency 2403-2475 MHz 5170-5875 MHz* 2402-2482 MHz 5170-5875 MHz* 904-926 MHz Ethernet Ports 2 2 1 1 1 * Only 5745-5850 MHz is supported in the USA and Canada Package Contents UB I NE T UB I ET ITI N QU RKS WO ITI N QU UB I NE T UB I ET ITI N QURKS WO ITI N QU NanoStation 24v PoE Adapter Power Cord Mounting Ties * Products may be different from pictures and are subject to change without notice. Installation Requirements †¢ 10 mm wrench †¢ Shielded Category 5 (or above) cabling should be used for all wired Ethernet connections and should be grounded through the AC ground of the PoE. We recommend that you protect your networks f rom the most brutal environments and devastating ESD attacks with industrial-grade shielded Ethernet cable from Ubiquiti Networks. For more details, visit www. ubnt. com/toughcable 1 Quick Start GuideHardware Overview Secondary Ethernet Port* * Secondary Ethernet Port included only on NanoStation M2 & M5 Secondary Main Reset Main Ethernet Port Note: Secondary Ethernet Port is capable of 24V Power over Ethernet output which can provide power to a secondary device. It can be enabled using the AirOS interface. LEDs LAN1 LAN2 Power The Power LED will light steady green when properly connected to a power source. LAN1 WAN/Main Ethernet The LAN1 Ethernet LED will light steady green when an active Ethernet connection is made to the Primary Ethernet Port and flash when there is activity.LAN/Secondary Ethernet The LAN2 Ethernet LED (on NanoStation M2/M5 only) will light steady green when an active Ethernet connection is made to the Secondary Ethernet Port. Signal These LEDs display the signal strength. LAN2 2 Typical Deployment Typical Deployment Connect the Power Cord to the PoE Adapter and a power outlet LAN or Computer to Ethernet Port labeled LAN on PoE Adapter Ethernet Port on Ubiquiti Device to Ethernet Port labeled POE on PoE Adapter Note: Shielded Category 5 (or above) cabling should be used for all wired Ethernet connections and should be grounded through the AC ground of the PoE. Quick Start Guide Accessing AirOS 1. Make sure that your host machine is connected via Ethernet to the Ubiquiti Networks device (as shown on previous page). 2. Configure the Ethernet adapter on your host system with a static IP address on the 192. 168. 1. x subnet (e. g. 192. 168. 1. 100). 3. Launch your Web browser and type http://192. 168. 1. 20 in the address field and press enter (PC) or return (Mac). 4. Enter ubnt in the Username and Password fields. Select your country from the Select Your Country drop-down. To use the product you must agree to the terms of use.To do so, click I agree to these terms of use. Click Login. 5. The AirOS Interface will appear allowing you to customize your settings as needed. 4 Ubiquiti Networks Wiki and Forum Ubiquiti Networks Wiki and Forum Ubiquiti Networks has an online Wiki with Manuals, Guides, and Information. It is located at www. ubnt. com/wiki. Another great resource is the Ubiquiti Networks Forum. You can post and view comments, questions, and answers with other forum members and Ubiquiti staff at www. ubnt. com/forum. 5 Quick Start Guide Installer Compliance ResponsibilityDevices must be professionally installed and it is the professional installer's responsibility to make sure the device is operated within local country regulatory requirements. Since Ubiquiti Networks equipment can be paired with a variety of antennas and cables, the Antenna Gain, Cable Loss, and Output Power fields are provided to the professional installer to assist in meeting regulatory requirements. Note: This product is locked to the US Countr y Code to ensure compliance with FCC regulations. 6 Specifications Specifications NanoStation MEnclosure Size Weight Max Power Consumption Power Supply Power Method Operating Temperature Operating Frequency M2 M5 Networking Interface 2403 MHz – 2475 MHz 5470 MHz – 5825 MHz 2 10/100BASE-TX Ethernet Ports 29. 4 x 8 x 3 cm 0. 5 kg 8 Watts 24V, 1A PoE Supply Included Passive PoE (Pairs 4, 5+; 7,8 return) -30 ° to 75 ° C NanoStation Loco M Enclosure Size Weight Max Power Consumption Power Supply Power Method Operating Temperature Operating Frequency Loco M900 Loco M2 Loco M5 Networking Interface 904 – 926 MHz 2412 MHz – 2462 MHz 5470 MHz – 5825 MHz 1 10/100BASE-TX Ethernet Ports 163 x 31 x80 mm 0. 8kg 5. 5 Watts 24V, 0. 5A PoE Supply Included Passive PoE (Pairs 4, 5+; 7,8 return) -30 ° to 80 ° C 7 Quick Start Guide Safety Notices 1. Read, follow, and keep these instructions. 2. Heed all warnings. 3. Only use attachments/accessories specified by the manufacturer. WARNING: Do not use this product in location that can be submerged by water. WARNING: Avoid using this product during an electrical storm. There may be a remote risk of electric shock from lightning. Electrical Safety Information 1.Compliance is required with respect to voltage, frequency, and current requirements indicated on the manufacturer’s label. Connection to a different power source than those specified may result in improper operation, damage to the equipment or pose a fire hazard if the limitations are not followed. 2. There are no operator serviceable parts inside this equipment. Service should be provided only by a qualified service technician. 3. This equipment is provided with a detachable power cord which has an integral safety ground wire intended for connection to a grounded safety outlet. . Do not substitute the power cord with one that is not the provided approved type. Never use an adapter plug to connect to a 2-wire outlet as this will d efeat the continuity of the grounding wire. b. The equipment requires the use of the ground wire as a part of the safety certification, modification or misuse can provide a shock hazard that can result in serious injury or death. c. Contact a qualified electrician or the manufacturer if there are questions about the installation prior to connecting the equipment. 8 General Warranty General WarrantyUBIQUITI NETWORKS, Inc (â€Å"UBIQUITI NETWORKS†) represents and warrants that the Products furnished hereunder shall be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of one (1) year from the date of shipment by UBIQUITI NETWORKS under normal use and operation. UBIQUITI NETWORKS sole and exclusive obligation under the foregoing warranty shall be to repair or replace, at its option, any defective Product that fails during the warranty period. The expense of removal and reinstallation of any item is not included in this warranty.The foregoing warranty is exclusive and in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose and any warranties arising from a course of dealing, usage or trade practice with respect to the products. Repair or replacement in the manner provided herein shall be the sole and exclusive remedy of Buyer for breach of warranty and shall constitute fulfillment of all liabilities of UBIQUITI NETWORKS with respect to the quality and performance of the Products.UBIQUITI NETWORKS reserves the right to inspect all defective Products (which must be returned by Buyer to UBIQUITI NETWORKS factory freight prepaid). No Products will be accepted for replacement or repair without obtaining a Return Materials Authorization (RMA) number from UBIQUITI NETWORKS. Products returned without an RMA number will not be processed and will be returned to Buyer freight collect. UBIQUITI NETWORKS shall have no obligation to make repairs or replacement necessitated by ca tastrophe, fault, negligence, misuse, abuse, or accident by Buyer, Buyer’s customers or any other parties. The warranty period of any repaired or replaced.Product shall not extend beyond its original term. Warranty Conditions The foregoing warranty shall apply only if: (I) (II) The Product has not been subjected to misuse, neglect or unusual physical, electrical or electromagnetic stress, or some other type of accident. No modification, alteration or addition has been made to the Product by persons other than UBIQUITI NETWORKS or UBIQUITI NETWORK’S authorized representatives or otherwise approved by UBIQUITI NETWORKS. The Product has been properly installed and used at all times in accordance, and in all material respects, with the applicable Product documentation.All Ethernet cabling runs use CAT5 (or above) shielded cabling. (III) (IV) Disclaimer: UBIQUITI NETWORKS does not warrant that the operation of the products is error-free or that operation will be uninterrupt ed. In no event shall UBIQUITI NETWORKS be responsible for damages or claims of any nature or description relating to system performance, including coverage, buyer’s selection of products for buyer’s application and/or failure of products to meet government or regulatory requirements. Returns In the unlikely event a defect occurs, please work through the dealer or distributor from which this product was purchased. 9 Compliance ComplianceFCC Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the equipment. NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications.Operations of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense. For MPE and antenna usage details, please visit our website at www. ubnt. com/compliance Industry Canada Under Industry Canada regulations, this radio transmitter may only operate using an antenna of a type and maximum (or lesser) gain approved for the transmitter by Industry Canada. To reduce potential radio inteference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (e. . r. p. ) is not more than that permitted for successful communication. This device complies with Industry Canada licence-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: 1. This device may not cause interference, and 2. This device must accep t any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device. En vertu des reglements d'Industrie Canada, cet emetteur radio ne peut fonctionner avec une antenne d'un type et un maximum (ou moins) approuves pour gagner de l'emetteur par Industrie Canada.Pour reduire le risque d'interference aux autres utilisateurs, l'antenne type et son gain doivent etre choisies de facon que l'equivalent puissance isotrope rayonnee equivalente (pire) n'est pas plus que cela autorise pour une communication reussie. Et Cet appareil est conforme a la norme RSS Industrie Canada exempts de licence norme (s). Son fonctionnement est soumis aux deux conditions suivantes: 1. Cet appareil ne peut pas provoquer d'interferences et 2. Cet appareil doit accepter toute interference, y compris les interferences susceptibles de provoquer un fonctionnement du dispositif. 10 ComplianceRF Exposure Warning The transceiver described here emits radio frequency energy. Although the power lev el is low, the concentrated energy from a directional antenna may pose a health hazard. Do not allow people to come closer than 55. 53 cm to the antenna when the transmitter is operating. Additional information on RF exposure is available on the Internet at www. fcc. gov/oet/info/documents/bulletins L'emetteur-recepteur decrit ici emet de l'energie de frequence radio. Bien que le niveau de puissance est faible, l'energie concentree a partir d'une antenne directionnelle peut presenter un danger pour la sante.Ne pas permettre aux gens de se rapprocher de 55. 53 cm a l'antenne lorsque l'emetteur est en marche. Des renseignements supplementaires sur l'exposition aux RF est disponible sur Internet a www. fcc. gov/oet/info/documents/bulletins CE Marking CE marking on this product represents the product is in compliance with all directives that are applicable to it. Alert sign! Follows CE marking Alert sign must be indicated if a restriction on use applied to the product and it must follow the CE marking. NB-Identification number (if there is any) Notified body number is indicated if it is involved in the conformity assessment procedure.Please check the CE mark on the product label to find out which notified body was involved during assessment. 11 English We recommend that you protect your networks from the most brutal environments and devastating ESD attacks with industrial-grade shielded Ethernet cable from Ubiquiti Networks. For more details, visit www. ubnt. com/toughcable Deutsch Schutzen Sie Ihre Netzwerke vor extremen Umwelteinflussen und verheerender elektrostatischer Entladung (ESD), indem Sie abgeschirmte Ethernetkabel in Unternehmensqualitat von Ubiquiti Networks verwenden. Weitere Informationen erhalten Sie unter www. bnt. com/toughcable Espanol Le recomendamos que proteja sus redes de los entornos mas hostiles y los devastadores efectos de las descargas electrostaticas utilizando cable Ethernet blindado con calidad-industrial de Ubiquiti Networks. Para o btener mas informacion, visite www. ubnt. com/toughcable Francais Nous vous recommandons de proteger vos reseaux contre les environnements les plus brutaux et les decharges electrostatiques les plus devastatrices avec un cable Ethernet Ubiquiti Networks avec blindage renforce. Pour en savoir plus, rendez-vous sur www. ubnt. com/toughcableItaliano Si consiglia di proteggere le reti dagli ambienti e dagli attacchi ESD piu invasivi con il cavo Ethernet schermato-di tipo industriale di Ubiquiti Networks. Per ulteriori informazioni, visitare il sito Web www. ubnt. com/toughcable RR062111 Ubiquiti Networks Support Email: [email  protected] com Phone (9 a. m. – 5 p. m. PST): 408-942-1153 Online Resources Wiki Page: www. ubnt. com/wiki Support Forum: www. ubnt. com/forum Knowledge Base: www. ubnt. com/kb Downloads: www. ubnt. com/support/downloads www. ubnt. com  © 2011 Ubiquiti Networks, Inc. All rights reserved.

Mercedes Benz (Franchise Evaluation Paper) Essay

Mercedes Benz (Franchise Evaluation Paper) - Essay Example The luxury car market is well segmented with only the members of the society who are deemed to be well off financially being the principal consumers of the products. The products and services will be delivered from a show room that is strategically located. The franchise fees for a Mercedes Benz leadership vary with a number of factors including the expected sales volumes. It normally ranges from $80,000 to $300,000. The inventory cost will also depend on the business model adapted. High end Mercedes Benz models could cost as much a $100,000 in productions costs only before a profit margin is included. An estimate for the initial inventory cost would be $250,000. The Mercedes Benz franchise arrangement will allow me to get the brand placement and advantages that already accrue from association with the brand. The Mercedes star logo is well known. Advertising and marketing will be covered by the franchise and I will only be required to focus on the sales. The franchise fee will also allow me to benefit from technical expertise. Car dealership is a technical field and a lot of technical expertise especially in servicing and repairs will be required. An inclusion in the Mercedes Benz international franchise network will also mean that I can easily source for international clients. Finances and capital to run the Mercedes franchise can be obtained through a number of means. The first source of capital and finances will obviously be my personal savings. I will speak to my bankers and my fund managers to see how much I can rise for the venture from my personal savings. The second source of capital is a bank loan. Bank credit is the most popular source of business financing. Although banks are usually reluctant to fund start-ups, I am very confident that they will find a reason to finance this venture. This is because the fact that I have obtained a franchise by itself can act as a good collateral for the bank. Mercedes is a luxury

Sony Integrated Marketing Communications Case Study

Sony Integrated Marketing Communications - Case Study Example The 2008 fiscal year of Sony ended in the month of March and the audit reports show that annual sales that were made by Sony in the year of 2008 equaled about $US90bilion which is a great amount. The number of employees that Sony has equals to about 190,000 people located in the manufacturing factors and in the offices all around the world. Sony is one company which has gained the success that it truly deserves and it has been known that it is one of the companies that is public in nature. It has got hold on the shares in four of the major stock exchanges in the worlds which include the stock exchanges based in New York, London, Tokyo and Osaka. In addition to this Sony is the brand with has about 1006 of the total subsidiaries located on an international scale (Squire, 2001, p. 22). The marketing orientation evolved the ideology of marketing providing the newer way of thinking to people. It included the point that the customers or the consumers are the entities who are much more important than the profitability as customers are the stakeholders for the organizations. It is being said that the marketing is still evolving and the better changes are seen in the field of the marketing these days. It is said that these days are the days when the evolution of marketing has entered into fourth stage. The fourth evolutionary stage of the marketing is known as the personal marketing orientation and this is the one that is considered to be the better approach as compared to ones in previous (Abramson, 2003, p. 44). The fourth stage is the one that makes the point that the individual based marketing is the key to the successful marketing and by proper utilization of this stage and with proper understating this is the way that can be used to reach the customers on an individual basis. The marketing thereby can be done on an individual basis which seems to be a better and an integrating marketing approach (Shaw, 2005, p. 93). Since the start of the term of marketing, it has been seen that changes have been occurring in the field of marketing leading to the strategic approach being adopted by the marketers in many ways. The marketing that has been recognized in previous times as the business approach has been to make more and more of the profits has now changed to the one that has been to attract more and more customers so as to gain the view point of the product or the firm itself (Hollensen, 2008, p. 11). The main responsibility of the marketers based at Sony is to expand the brands name across the borders a bit more. It

Corporate environmental management (Business Subject) Assignment - 1

Corporate environmental management (Business Subject) - Assignment Example Xerox was fortunate to have many of these business ethics in place in the European operations already, and leadership with the vision to capture the competitive advantage that good environmental stewardship might provide. Besides, it was the right thing to do. Because Xerox had earned a large share of the copier market, the Federal Trade Commission required Xerox to abandon its patent to allow more competition. Xerox lost market share and was forced to reorganize to liven the company. Nine divisions were created which largely acted as separate companies. But each specialized company became closer to their customers and could respond to the market more quickly. Through the years, Xerox became more involved in local environmental issues and supportive of environmental health for their communities. From the total quality management (TQM) program established in the early 1980s, Xerox moved to a TQM for environmental issues. Now, the employees would be involved in stewardship of the syste m. Five programs were initiated: cartridge recycling; supplies; asset management; waste reduction and recycling; and employee involvement. The big idea involved minimizing the environmental impacts of the supply chain through the life cycle of the products. This implementation required each machine, part or shipping material to have a secondary purpose or a recycling design use. The company adapted the Environmental Protection Administration program to reuse, repair/reprocess recycle or dispose of properly, in that order. Asset Recycle Management (ARM) policies were adopted to organize the effort to reuse and recycle. Machines were handled in house while cartridges and parts were remanufactured by suppliers. The next evolution of the process was Design-For-Environment (DFE) which involved engineering each component with the lifecycle in mind. Each component’s raw materials and design would involve the choice of recyclable materials or reusable parts. The stated goal was 0% wa ste in the manufacturing processes for any new product by 1997. Obviously, a very lofty goal even today. The measurement of this goal involved a minimum 90% reduction in waste. The evolution of this business ethic required only 30 years. Xerox accepted a leadership role in environmental stewardship. Is this an appropriate goal? Xerox followed proper management techniques to reduce regulatory impacts and market its leadership of environmental citizenship. Considering the increased demand for government intervention in environmental stewardship regulations and the personal tragedy of contaminating their neighbor’s groundwater, Xerox acted responsibly to take a leadership role and mitigate any potential damages. Then, one step further, tried to eliminate future risks. Looking at environmental stewardship as a risk management tool, simple compliance, due diligence and integrated risk management are the options offered to corporate management. Simple compliance implies a change in process each time a new level of compliance is mandated. Due diligence implies staying one step ahead of new compliance levels. Risk management suggests retooling operations to eliminate as much environmental risk as possible to reduce the regulatory risk. Risk management is a sound business strategy; environmental stewardship is a sound ethic which can be exploited in marketing. Where on the matrix of strategies does Xerox belong?

Spotify Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 2

Spotify - Essay Example Through the two theories, Spotify has been identified to be a major competitor in the entertainment industry but lacking a high level sense of taking advantage of opportunities that it has. Some of these opportunities are key markets in key continents like Africa and South America where virtually no markets exists for the company. With the increase of technology in all of these continents, the company is in a position to take advantage. Finally, there is a recommendation for the company to have its own software to make access to music even easier. Introduction Cloud-based music-streaming services are becoming quite common of late with the advent of high speed internet technology (Boyer et al, 2007). Spotify is one company that provides this kind of service for financial gains, meaning that the company is in a highly competitive environment where it has to gain better market shares than its competitors who have been described to be in exceed in modern times. Launched in October 2008, Spotify has gone about the provision of cloud-based music-streaming service with style with the delivery of music-streaming unto both desktop and mobile phone. Another peculiar feature of Spotify would also have to do with the availability of songs that the company has in its database as the company provides wide range of songs from different backgrounds and genres; all of which forms the basis for e-commerce. 2.0 Strategic Situation Analysis The focus of this section of the paper is going to be to look at how Spotify is currently using information system to support its business strategy. 2.1 External Environment 2.11 Political The political environment of Spotify is largely influenced by both local and global legislations and regulations that are made by government to protect the intellectual property of musicians and other works of music. Depending on royalty levels however, some musicians have been reluctant in releasing their songs for use for online services by the company as t here is the fear that songs that are made available online could easily be cyber attacked (Bradley, 2010). Politically therefore, local and international legislations have somewhat affected the number of songs that the company could have access to. 2.12 Economic Spotify’s business growth and development is largely dependent on prevailing economic conditions and climates. Rising cost of living therefore affects the company’s business negatively as in such times, the larger industry to which Spotify belongs, which is the entertainment industry, is considered by many not to be a necessity but a want (Christensen et al, 1998). In effect, even though the use of information systems and e-commerce in general is expected to make products more accessible to customers, accessibility does not automatically bring about patronage in harsh economic times. 2.13 Social The social environment

Declaration of Independence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Declaration of Independence - Essay Example Lee asked for a newly declared independent government, one that could form alliances and draw up a plan for confederation of the separate Colonies. The need for some such move had become increasingly clear during the last year, especially to George Washington, if for no other reason than as a rallying cry for his troops. The Virginia soldier chosen by Congress to general its Continental Army languished in New York, short of supplies, short of men and short of morale while facing the threat of a massive British offensive (House 2007).DiscussionCongress immediately turned to consider Jefferson's document. It would have to serve as a sort of early version of a press release--an explanation that could be disseminated at home and around the globe by broadside and to be read aloud at gatherings. Its statements had to inspire the troops and garner public support for the action Congress had just taken. Not surprisingly, Congress paid close attention to the document's language.The delegates t ook the time to spruce it up a little and edit out what they found objectionable. In general the Congress was fine with the vague sentiments of the early paragraphs that have since become the cornerstone of American democracy. What the delegates were more interested in, however, and what they saw as the meat of the document, were the more concrete declarations. For years, they had based their resistance to England on the belief they were not fighting a divinely chosen king, but his ministers and parliament. But during the previous 14 months the Crown had waged war on them, and King George had declared the Colonials in rebellion, that is, outside his protection. Common Sense had gotten them used to thinking of the king as that "royal brute" and this document were supposed to explain why he should be so considered. Thus Jefferson had produced a catalog of George III's tyrannies as its heart and soul (Hole 2001). Congress at length struck out some sentimental language in which Jefferson tried to paint the British people as brothers unconcerned to American suffering and a paragraph where he ran on about the glories the two people might otherwise have realized together. But more substantive changes were especially telling. Among George’s crimes, Jefferson had listed the slave trade, contending that the king had â€Å"waged a cruel war against human nature† by assaulting a â€Å"distant people† and moving them into slavery in â€Å"another hemisphere.† This was too much for Jefferson’s fellow slaveholders in the South, especially South Carolina, and certain Yankee traders who had made fortunes from what Jefferson called the â€Å"execrable commerce.† Together, representatives of these Southern and Yankee interests deleted the section. In any case, after more than two days of sometimes-heated debate, on July 4, 1776, the Continental Congress approved the revised document that explained its declaration of independence of July 2. The approval was not immediately unanimous, since the New York delegates had to await instructions from home and did not assent until July 9. At the time of approval, Congress

Ethical styiles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethical styiles - Essay Example Ethics of care takes into consideration the effect that a decision may have on immediate individuals. As a leader I would not put into play policies or rules that may harm individuals or cause them suffering. This is because this approach is flexible and caring and it can respond to changing environments. As compared to the justice approach, it can be applied in life since once cannot use rigid rules as there are some exceptional situations that may arise. This approach can be applied in the management of a firm as it is sensitive to the consequences of decisions to individuals. In fact it considers consensus building an important aspect and it also emphasizes on people doing things out of their own interest rather than being forced (Kovac, 2012). Studies carried out previously suggest that purpose is a great motivator just like profit in any business (Landau, 2010). Therefore this calls the need for leaders to put the interests of their employees at heart. This entails not hurting them through setting rigid rules that may make them suffer. This will create a sense of belonging on the part of the employees thus they will try their level best to ensure that the business is successful as they will take it as their own. As a leader I will therefore involve all my employees in decision making process so that they pass the rules themselves. This will help them work as per the rules that they will have set on their own. It will have also put their interests in consideration as they will tend to make rules that fit their own

Impact of Gender on Academic Performance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Impact of Gender on Academic Performance - Essay Example Studies of gender differences in general academic performance are less conclusive. The results vary from no gender differences found. While conducting research there will be some ethical considerations. Before conducting the research the permission will be taken from the school management. Researcher’s personal biases and opinions should not get in the way of the research.Participants can be with draw any time if they want to quit. The results of the experiment will be kept confidential and researchers will use results with students’ permission for research purposes. Students should feel free to ask any question about the research and they will be provided with the outcome of the research. In this research the aim of the study is to analyse the difference in the academic performance of male and female students. Underlying the purpose and research question of the study conducted, the research design that was selected for the study is an exploratory correlational research design. The implementation of a correlational research design has permitted the researcher to explore and discover relationships amongst a large number of variables within a study. In correlational research, according Zechmeister et. al., the main purpose is to establish whether two variables are related, and if so, establish the direction of the observed relationship. In this research study we are going to analyse following research hypothesis: Null Hypothesis: There is no significant difference in the academic performance of girls and boys.

Types of Sampling Essay Example for Free

Types of Sampling Essay * How do we decide which to use? * How do we analyze the results differently depending on the type of sampling? Non-probability Sampling: Why dont we use non-probability sampling schemes? Two reasons: * We cant use the mathematics of probability to analyze the results. * In general, we cant count on a non-probability sampling scheme to produce representative samples. In mathematical statistics books (for courses that assume you have already taken a probability course): * Described as assumptions about random variables * Sampling with replacement versus sampling without replacement What are the main types of sampling and how is each done? Simple Random Sampling: A simple random sample (SRS) of size n is produced by a scheme which ensures that each subgroup of the population of size n has an equal probability of being chosen as the sample. Stratified Random Sampling: Divide the population into strata. There can be any number of these. Then choose a simple random sample from each stratum. Combine those into the overall sample. That is a stratified random sample. (Example: Church A has 600 women and 400 women as members. One way to get a stratified random sample of size 30 is to take a SRS of 18 women from the 600 women and another SRS of 12 men from the 400 men.) Multi-Stage Sampling: Sometimes the population is too large and scattered for it to be practical to make a list of the entire population from which to draw a SRS. For instance, when the a polling organization samples US voters, they do not do a SRS. Since voter lists are compiled by counties, they might first do a sample of the counties and then sample within the selected counties. This illustrates two stages. In some instances, they might use even more stages. At each stage, they might do a stratified random sample on sex, race, income level, or any other useful variable on which they could get information before sampling. How does one decide which type of sampling to use? The formulas in almost all statistics books assume simple random sampling. Unless you are willing to learn the more complex techniques to analyze the data after it is collected, it is appropriate to use simple random sampling. To learn the appropriate formulas for the more complex sampling schemes, look for a book or course on sampling. Stratified random sampling gives more precise information than simple random sampling for a given sample size. So, if information on all members of the population is available that divides them into strata that seem relevant, stratified sampling will usually be used. If the population is large and enough resources are available, usually one will use multi-stage sampling. In such situations, usually stratified sampling will be done at some stages. How do we analyze the results differently depending on the different type of sampling? The main difference is in the computation of the estimates of the variance (or standard deviation). An excellent book for self-study is A Sampler on Sampling, by Williams, Wiley. In this, you see a rather small population and then a complete derivation and description of the sampling distribution of the sample mean for a particular small sample size. I believe that is accessible for any student who has had an upper-division mathematical statistics course and for some strong students who have had a freshman introductory statistics course. A very simple statement of the conclusion is that the variance of the estimator is smaller if it came from a stratified random sample than from simple random sample of the same size. Since small variance means more precise information from the sample, we see that this is consistent with stratified random sampling giving better estimators for a given sample size. Return to the top. Non-probability sampling schemes These include voluntary response sampling, judgement sampling, convenience sampling, and maybe others. In the early part of the 20th century, many important samples were done that werent based on probability sampling schemes. They led to some memorable mistakes. Look in an introductory statistics text at the discussion of sampling for some interesting examples. The introductory statistics books I usually teach from are Basic Practice of Statistics by David Moore, Freeman, and Introduction to the Practice of  Statistics by Moore and McCabe, also from Freeman. A particularly good book for a discussion of the problems of non-probability sampling is Statistics by Freedman, Pisani, and Purves. The detail is fascinating. Or, ask a statistics teacher to lunch and have them tell you the stories they tell in class. Most of us like to talk about these! Someday when I have time, maybe Ill write some of them here. Mathematically, the important thing to recognize is that the discipline of statistics is based on the mathematics of probability. Thats about random variables. All of our formulas in statistics are based on probabilities in sampling distributions of estimators. To create a sampling distribution of an estimator for a sample size of 30, we must be able to consider all possible samples of size 30 and base our analysis on how likely each individual result is. Return to the top. In mathematical statistics books (for courses that assume you have already taken a probability course) the part of the problem relating to the sampling is described as assumptions about random variables. Mathematical statistics texts almost always says to consider the Xs (or Ys) to be independent with a common distribution. How does this correspond to some description of how to sample from a population? Answer: simple random sampling with replacement. Return to the top. Types of Graphs - Line Graphs Comparing various sets of data can be complicated, but line graphs make it easy. The plotted peaks and dips on the grid allow you to monitor and compare improvement and decline. Scientists use line graphs all the time, as do all types of professionals and students. Learn more about line graphsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ the most popular type of graph. - Bar Graphs Pleasing to the eyes, bar graphs compare data in a simple format consisting of rectangular bars. With a few varieties to choose from, settling on the right bar graph might be confusing. Should you go with a horizontal, vertical, double or group bar graph? Read on to find out. - Pictographs You first encounter pictographs during childhood and bump into them all through lifeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ at school, work, and all over magazines and on TV. These diagrams, which use small picture symbols to compare information, are a media favorite; statisticians, though, do not share the sentiment. Find out why, and learn more about the uses of pictographs. - Pie Charts Simple to make and simple to understand, a pie chart is a popular form of data comparison, consisting of a circle that is split into parts. When should you use pie charts, and when should you not? Learn about their advantages and disadvantages, and get some tips on making pie charts. - Cosmographs A cosmograph is a type of chart that shows comparisons. In doing so, it makes life and work easier. If you want to prepare an input-output model for your organization, or compare the features of a geographical region through a simple visual, cosmographs come in handy. Find out how a cosmograph can help you. - Organizational Charts These diagrams represent the relationships between the different positions and ranks of a company through a series of boxes that go from top to bottom and side to side. Not only does anorganizational chart add order and structure to an organization, but it also shows if changes are needed. Get more information on organizational charts. - Flow Charts When projects seem overbearing and processes seem complex, flow charts can save the day by break things down into smaller steps and giving you a clearer idea of the overall process. Shapes are typically used to represent the components of a flow chart. Find out what these shapes represent and learn more about flow charts.

Bottlenecks That Face Riordan Manufacturing Essay Example for Free

Bottlenecks That Face Riordan Manufacturing Essay China plant operates as a decentralized unit of Riordan Manufacturing. Parts are purchased by buyers in the China Plant’s purchasing department from a local Chinese company. While this company attempts to maintain adequate quantities of electric motors in stock to meet all its order requirements, its on-time deliveries over the past year have averaged only 93%. Part of the China’s plant’s business is a make-to-stock operation in which the future demand for fans is forecasted based on taking the average of sales for the last three years and extrapolating it into the next year. Pontiac facility has to maintain sufficient stocks of a wide variety of raw materials in order to quickly respond to customer requests for new custom plastic parts. Riordan Manufacturing uses the Huffman Trucking Company to ship all of its products in the United States. Rates for shipping a full truckload of cargo to a single destination are lower than shipping partial loads. Higher rates for less-than full shipments. Improvement Ideas that may work for Riordan Manufacturing: The China plant is a decentralized unit of Riordan Manufacturing, which I would think would not be the best idea for Riordan. All facilities need to have communication with Riordan’s headquarters. China needs to have its own process for running Riordan’s China Location, but have to maintain contact, and obtain approval from Riordan Headquarters, before major projects are started. The China plant purchases parts from a one local manufacturer, and plastic from one local manufacturer. The China plant needs to find other plants that will also produce and ship parts to them, because the China plant cannot rely only on one organization for parts, and one organization for plastic products. What would happen if the organizations could not get Riordan China its parts? Riordan China would have to halt production, and then put manufacturing behind. The China plant forecasting method may need to be reviewed for accuracy, If the organization has a couple of bad years it may lead the plant to under forecast consumer demand. Need to look at economy and consumer history too. The Pontiac Facility needs to find alternatives to carrying large sums of stock. Need to work with vendors on Just-In-Time inventory. This will help to lower costs, and help free up inventory space. Maybe the Pontiac Facility can keep a minimal amount of  stock on items that are used more frequently in production. Riordan needs to look at other trucking companies that are willing to take partial shipments, so Riordan does not have to wait for full shipments. Riordan needs to look at small freight companies, or even large freight companies like FedEx and UPS who are inclined to taking partial freight loads, and can guarantee arrival dates.

The Pride In Art Festival Tourism Essay

The Pride In Art Festival Tourism Essay The scope of the festival will reach throughout the University of Toronto Scarborough campus, whereas everyone attending will be informed through various media outlets (such as social networking websites, posters, radio, and word-of-mouth). The Pride In Art Festival will be held annually at the beginning of November to commemorate Diversity Week. The festival will feature a wide array of works from queer students of various programs while aiming to present the campus as a hub for creativity and inter-disciplinary innovation. In the first year of the festival, attendees can expect to experience approximately 5 projects spread outdoors throughout the campus grounds, including interactive installations, exhibitions, and a theatre stage. The main act will be La-Nai Gabriel (a prominent figure in the LGBTQ community in Toronto). The festival will also include 2 visual artists, 1 music major, as well as 2 drama students (working together for a drama performance). The event will take place on November 12th and will run from noon to 8:00pm (the visual art pieces will be left running for a week, whereas the performances will be a one day event) and will take place outdoors.  [1]   The event will be governed by a reliable student body consisting of students from the VPAC13- Planning and Project Management course as well as volunteers from the LGBTQ Committee at UTSC. The specific roles that will be occupied during the event are outlined in Appendix A: Organizational Chart. In order to develop this project and plan it accordingly, we will look at previous UTSC arts events, shows, and exhibits, as well as previous University of Toronto LGBTQ events to assist us in efficiently and effectively executing the festival. These will include events such as; Art Side Out, DMG Exhibitions, Gallery 1265 Exhibitions, LGBTQ events, and etc. The stakeholders will include the student body attending UTSC, all UTSC employees (including faculty), the community, the artists involved, the LGBTQ committee, the sponsors, and potential funders. The short-term(this year) and long-term(following years) sponsors we seek out will be TD Canada Trust, 103.9 Proud FM, PizzaPizza, and LGBTQ Committee at UTSC, DMG Gallery, Pride Toronto, AMSA( Arts Management Students Association) and Inside Out. We will also be seeking out media sponsors and partners, including CP24, NOW Magazine, Toronto Star, GayCities.com, and OUT TV. The short-term and long-term sponsorships are ambitious but it is important to keep in mind that the megacity of Toronto is very well supported in terms of its acceptance of the LGBTQ community.  [2]  Most of the sponsors listed have also previously supported the annual Pride Festival and therefore have a track record that we can use to our advantage.  [3]   In order to proceed with the event, we first have to attend to the triple constraints of organizing any function. These include time, cost and scope. Due to the fact that we are only a few weeks away from November, the scope of the event will be narrowed down. This is precisely why the first year of the festival will only include 5 productions. The time constraint also puts a definite restriction on the cost aspect of the event. The last-minute fundraising will have to be conducted through approaching the Students Union (they provide grants for organizations at UTSC and we could potentially record the LGBTQ group as the applicant), through donations (that we can request from small businesses in the community as well as some of the sponsors), raffles, and etc. The cost value of the event must be narrowed down to accommodate these restrictions. We will need to heavily rely on volunteering (organizers, artists and performers) as well as donations. These constraints could create critical issues in running the event and thus a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) analysis must be conducted. The strengths of the event would include the fact that UTSC is a large community of people and although there is little time to plan and execute the festival, marketing the event should not be difficult. Due to the fact that the exhibitions will be in public places, there will be a lot of ongoing traffic throughout the day. Another strength would be the fact that the LGBTQ community is well connected in the city and queer oriented websites, as well as other social networking websites are consistently updated with new events (and they are free to use). A further strength would include inviting a high profile queer artist to the festival ( La-Nai Gabriel with her band). This will draw outsider crowds. The weaknesses of the event are fairly obvious and include the three constraints. Without the proper planning and organization of the event, the execution can result in a catastrophic outcome. Without the proper time, and money invested, the scope of the festival will significantly be narrowed down. The following weakness could be considered either a weakness or strength. In our case, due to the time constraint, it will likely fall under weaknesses. The festival is taking place during Diversity Week. At this time there will likely be other events running simultaneously with ours. If given the right amount of time we could coordinate our show times with other planners in order for us not to step on anyones toes (and suffer in attendance numbers). However, if we had enough time, we could even collaborate and cross promote the other events alongside our own. The opportunities would include creating a safe space to engage communities in the celebration of the arts as well as various sexualities. We could also connect with and help promote the LGBTQ communities, fostering essential partnerships with sponsors, and stake holders. We would also be providing a platform for education through a significant public presence at UTSC (which is considered one of the most prestigious universities in the world). The threats of the event may include the fact that not everyone at UTSC or in the public in general is supportive of the LGBTQ community. In fact there are many who publicly display messages of hate (such as in the case of the broken LGBTQ showcase at UTSC in the previous year)  [4]  . This could potentially become a dangerous situation for the artists, participants and stakeholders of the event. This would require increased security and in turn more money (unless the university provides us with free security). Another threat to the Festival is the availability of the preferred showcase spaces. They all need to be booked ahead of time and due to our time constraint this will need to be done last minute. This fact alone could potentially force us to postpone the event until next year. Other threats may include small attendance numbers (due to the fact that the event is last minute), unreliable artists (perhaps the work will not be completed on time or the contracted outsider acts may not be available for the day of the event), and etc. In order to avoid such issues, we must create contingency plans and work out various options for funding, locations, sponsors, and etc. To assist us with this step we will need to look at a SMART (specific, manageable, achievable, realistic, time-limited) analysis. The specific objective of the festival is to commission and present queer artists at UTSCS Diversity Week. The festival will combat homophobia by building greater public awareness and acceptance of individuals and groups outside sexual and gender norms. The success of this event will be measured through Due to the narrowed scope of the event (because of the constraints), the event will be very difficult to manage. We will need a fully committed staff in order to accomplish our objectives. The sponsors will also be hard to attain in time for the event (due to the fact that a lot of them are big organizations and companies where it is usually very difficult to get through to the sponsorship director because they receive so many proposals on a daily basis). It will also be tough to find flexible volunteers during the exam period. Many students and professors will not have the time to devote to planning and executing this event. The event will be difficult to achieve due to our monetary limitations. The estimated expenses (food catering, equipment rental and artist honorariums, props, and promotion) for the event will be in the 2500 range (please see APPENDIX B: Estimated Budget). There will be a stage set up outside, in between the Student Centre and the Arts and Administration building, for the main act (La-Nai Gabriel). There will not be a seating area but rather space for students and viewers to watch the performance. This same method was also done during the Art Side Out festival for the music acts. The time limitations of the event make it rather unrealistic. However, one must remember that the success of our event would be measured in fulfilling our mission rather than reaching a break-even on our return of investment. Therefore, the cost to benefit ratio is not as easy to disprove as with a profitable event. Even if the event was to pale in the face of its proposal (give or take an extra artist or two), it would still be fulfilling the mandate of creating awareness in the general public and writing history for the annual expansion and reinvention of the festival. In conclusion, the proposed event is one that is very hard to achieve, but can nonetheless be done in a way that would satisfy the agenda of the mission. The constraints of this event will create many barriers, such as time, and money and will make it difficult adequately execute the event. However, like with many artistic events, the focus will be to satisfy the ambitious mission rather than to fill our pockets. With this in mind, the event will be a ground-breaking move towards spreading awareness about the LGBTQ at UTSC and in the general community an eradicating homophobia through the healing power of multidisciplinary arts.

IndyCar Racing - We Need Speed :: Argumentative Persuasive Topics

Every year on Memorial Day auto racing fans around the world wake up in anticipation to see the most famous race in the world. The Indianapolis 500 is an annual IndyCar race that has been run since 1916 at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway. It is a race of great tradition that is supposed to represent the fastest racers in the sport at the fastest raceway in the sport. However, Tony George, President of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway and the IRL, is changing everything about the race and the sport. This year at Indy, Tony George and his Indy Car Racing League (IRL)) broke a long standing tradition at Indy and forced another race to occur on the same day. In Michigan the US 500 was raced on the same day by members of CART (Championship Auto Racing Teams) in protest to the IRL. It was the first time another race was held opposite of the Indy 500. There were a record 17 rookies starting at Indy because many of the more experienced drivers were racing at Michigan. There was only one driver in the race who had won at Indy before. The IRL had dramatically changed the Indy 500. The IRL and CART are two racing leagues with opposing views on where the sport of auto racing is going. CART is supporting the way the sport has been progressing in recent years. That includes trying to increase the speed of the cars at whatever means possible. The IRL was formed a few years ago under the direction of Tony George. He is trying to make the sport less expensive and safer by using different motors /chassis and slowing down speeds. Racing has always been about going faster than the next driver. It was about trying to beat course records and lap speeds. But if Tony George has his way, all course speeds will be reduced due to switching from turbo Indy V6 engines to normally aspirated V8's. The result is less horsepower, thus slower speeds. Records would never be broken, and the sport would lose some of its appeal. Racing has always been a strive to go faster; there is no real reason to change it now. One of Tony George's justification is that the sport would become safer. That is not true. The difference would not be much . The fatality rate for a 230 mph crash, and a 210 mph crash, is not that much different.

The Brazil Nut (Bertholletia excelsa) :: Botany

The Brazil Nut (Bertholletia excelsa) The Brazil Nut is the fruit of a tree that grows mostly wild in rainforests. Castanheiro do Para, which is the Brazilian name given to this tree, is found in many Amazonian states of Brazil, Peru, Columbia, Venezuela and Ecudor. It is most pervalent in the Brazilian states of Marahao, Mato Grosso, Acre, Para, Rondonia, and the Amazonas. The tree is enormous, Frequently attaining the height of 160 feet or more. The fruit is a large spherical woody capsule or pod and measures an average of six inches in diameter and can weigh up to 5 pounds. The fruit pods grow at the ends of thick branches, then ripens and falls from the tree from January to June. Inside each fruit pod is 12 to 25 Brazil nuts with their own indvidual shell(1). Brazil nuts are harvested at plantations and in the wild. Plantations are being developed in various parts of the Amazon. Fazenda Aruana is the owner of a 12,000 hectare former cattle ranch, partially converted to a Brazil Nut plantation in 1980. By January of 1990, 318,660 Brazil nut trees were planted on 3341 hectares of land. Fazenda's original intent was to plant Brazil Nut trees in a 20 by 20 meter grids and allow cattle grazing between the trees. The trees in the Aruana plantation are the result of grafting high yield clones from the region of Abufari Amazonas were Brazil nuts are know for their large fruits and seeds. As a result of fertilization from the same clones, the fruit production among clones has been low(2). Another danger in using so few clones is the ability to resist attack of disease and insects. The bulk of the Brazil nuts that are harvested are done so in the wild. They are harvested during a five to six month period in the rainy season. The fruits, witch weigh from .5 to 2.5 kilograms and contain ten to twenty five seeds, are gathered immediately after they fall. This minimizes the chance of insect or fungal attack on seeds. Brazil nuts are also carried away by animals. The number of pods can range form 63 to 216 per tree(). Most of the pods gathered in the wild are sent down river to processing plants were they are opened out of the pod and packaged. The brazil nut has a major impact on local Amazonian economies. The numbers on total production are estimates due to the fact figures are hard to get from the Amazon.

Breakfast of Champions: Life With Others Essay -- Breakfast of Champio

Breakfast of Champions: Life With Others  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      For anyone who has ever wondered what the meaning of life is, it is to be the eyes and ears of the Creator of the Universe, if one believes Kurt Vonnegut's Breakfast of Champions (1973). In Breakfast of Champions the protagonist, Kilgore Trout, is a lonely science fiction writer who lives in a hole in the dredges of New York City. His only work published was "to give bulk to books and magazines of salacious pictures" ( 21). Finally catching his break, Trout is invited to the Midland City Arts Festival, home of Dwayne Hoover. Hoover, who is a wealthy car salesman, owns a share of virtually everything in Midland City. However, Hoover is on the brink of insanity at this time and is thinking that one of the artists at the festival will help him find the solution to his quest for fulfillment. Vonnegut uses characters from diverse lifestyles to develop his discouraging views of humanity. Through comical writing, Vonnegut shows how love, relationships, ideas and even gossip can have strong effects on humans and society. Sometimes people don't realize the effects of words on other people. In Breakfast of Champions, Dwayne Hoover comes to this realization the hard way. Already having a bad day, Hoover runs into one of his employees named Harry. Not too fond of the way Harry dresses, feeling he is too bland, Hoover addresses him. "Harry, why don't you get a bunch of cotton waste from Vern Garr, soak it in Blue Suncoe* and burn up your f-cking wardrobe?" (46). Later in the chapter, he ridicules Harry's appearance again. "I have some news for you: modern science has given us a whole lot of wonderful colors, with strange, exciting names like red!, orange!, green!, and pink!"(48)... ...54). Hoover got up from the table to go on a eleven person beating rampage which included: his son Bunny, mistress Francine and Kilgore Trout. "It shook up Trout to realize that even he could bring evil into the world-- in the form of bad ideas" (15). Due to Hoover, Trout realized how powerful his words were, went on to win the Nobel Prize for medicine. Trout and Hoover's derogatory comments and unthoughtful actions served to discourage and devastate people's lives around them. The satirical comedy which the novel is perceived by the reader makes it humorous, but as the story unfolds it becomes depressing. There is a sense of truth in Vonnegut's disturbing view of humanity. The road of life is set out for people to travel, being careful of ones actions will make it less bumpy. Work Cited Vonnegut , Kurt. Breakfast of Champions. Dell Publishing Co. 1973

Cultural Impacts of the Civil Rights Act Essay

Until the eighteenth century Civil Rights and Liberty’s were taken advantage of as a American. Observation in our judicial system cited within the paper suggest that our civil rights in America has improved and continue to evolve to this day. Cultural Impacts of American Civil Rights laws In recent years, a great deal has gone into fair treatment of all. As history serves, there was a great civil rights activist that fought for fair treatment of all, one man in particular goes by the name of Martin Luther king jr. The implications of our culturally induced melting pot of a nation proceeded with immense struggles that carry on today. Are we (Americans) culturally desensitized or are we culturally aware? United States of America is one of the most culturally injected nations that stand for freedom and democracy. Our civil rights is the key to or success as a great nation. Find Law defined our civil right by giving rights of individuals to receive equal treatment (and to be free from unfair treatment or â€Å"discrimination†) in a number of settings — including education, employment, housing, and more — and based on certain legally-protected characteristics(â€Å"FindLaw†, 2009). According to Find Law, Civil Rights could also be described as the advancement of equality for all people regardless of race, sex, age, disability, national origin, religion, or certain other characteristics(â€Å"FindLaw,2009). President Abraham Lincoln is one of the first to create a civil right document called the Emancipation Proclamation, this document freed the first slaves that were in the states that were fighting in the civil war, eventually the thirteens amendment freed all slaves. Other example are (CNN, 2007): 1868 The 14th Amendment, which requires equal protection under the law to all persons, is ratified. 1870 The 15th Amendment, which bans racial discrimination in voting, is ratified 1948 President Truman issues an executive order outlawing segregation in the U.S. military Civil rights seemed to be focused on race discrimination but that is not he case. It also covers sex, religion, and pregnancy discrimination, just to name a few. Racial discrimination is defined as unfair treatment of a person because of the color of there skin or race. In one case according to Jet, a 37-year-old black woman sued Life Care Service Corp. Anita Holt filed the suit because the executives at LCSC would not review her application for promotion because â€Å"Placing a black in a administrative position would be considered to great of a business risk†. The company settled out of court with Anita Holt. They payed her $415,000 and they wrote a letter to it’s employees about how they made a error in judgement and in practice, along with overhauling there employment and promotion practices. Sex (gender) discrimination included in Title VII, is when a act of discrimination occurs when a person is treated unfairly or different because of there gender. This type of situation could occur in: Education- Excluding people from programs based on gender. Sports- Salary, scholastic, athletic discrimination. Military- Women banned from special operations, infantry, armor and artillery. Home- Boys cut the grass and girl cook and wash dishes. One of the main reasons why we have sex discrimination is because of our cultural outlook that is instilled in us from generation to generation and from birth to death. This has also has spread to our media; we see men on Tv playing the rough and tough rolls and women playing to clean and adorable roll. Religious discrimination involves â€Å"treating a person unfavorably because of his or her religious beliefs†,(EEOC,2010) this also violates Title VII of the civil rights act which was amended and added 1972. This type of discrimination happens quite often in the workplace. All employers are required to try to accommodate there workers religious practices. In the Navy, when going through basic training, they give one day a week for individuals that want to practice there religious right. This doesn’t always happen in all cases as it should. In march 2006 a Queens Midtown Tunnel employee by the name of Gregory fisherman filed a compliant against his boss. He complained because his boss denied him of promotion and penalized him for taking sick days because he is Jewish(Lawsuit financial corp,2009). He proved his case by hearing his supervisor use a curse word before they called him a jew which was his basis for claim. By getting that 51% of the jury to believe Mr. Fisherman, he was awarded $735,000. In another case, a restaurant called Sorrano’s Mexican Restaurant was sued in 2002 by Terra Neave(manager)for not accommodating to religious belief. She led a bible study after work and two of her subordinates attended. According to company policy manager are not suppose to socialize with subordinates,to prevent sexual harassment. The company offered to transfer her to another location, she refused and continued to lead bible study with her subordinates. With this type of substantial evidence she lost the case. In these two cases our rights were upheld and justice was served according to our civil rights laws(Luci Scott, Jan 2009). Pregnancy discrimination according to U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission is â€Å"discrimination involves treating a woman unfavorably because she is pregnant,child birth, or medical condition related to pregnancy or child birth†. In 2009 there were 6,196 cases filed for pregnancy discrimination and 5,594 had resolutions according to EEOC & FEPAs. In 2009 the International House of Pancake lost a pregnancy discrimination lawsuit. Jennifer Beck a former IHOP employee was terminated because she was pregnant and they also failed to meet there legal obligation to answer her complaint. According to (Chain Leader 2009): IHOP had to pay her â€Å"$28,478 in back pay plus six percent annum from the date of her termination. Reinstate her to the next available position and pay her $437 a week until she accepts or reject any offer or one year passes Reimburse her $20 for travel expenses This is a very high price to pay in a recession, not only because of the money but there representation to the world as a restaurant chain. As we can see, as a nation we will continue to fight and legislate for our rights and civil liberties as our forefathers did. Starting with President Abraham Lincoln in 1776 in which he declared in the Declaration of Independence, that â€Å"We hold these truths to be self evident: That all men are created equal†. That statement paved to way for Jennifer Beck, Anita Holt, and countless others can enjoy what America has to offer. References Withy Law. A Short History of American Civil Right Law. Retrieved April 10, 2010, from http://www.withylaw.com/history.htm InfoPlease, Civil Rights Time Line. Milestones in Modern Civil Rights Movements. Retrieved April 10, 2010, from http://www.infoplease.com/spot/civilrightstimeline1.html Public Find Law, Civil Rights:Law and History, Gender(Sex) Discrimination Basics, Retrieved April 11, 2010, from http://public.findlaw.com/civil-rights/civil-rights-basics/civil-rights-history.html,http://public.findlaw.com/civil-rights/gender-discrimination/gender-discrimination-basics.html U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, Race and Color Discrimination, Pregnancy Discrimination, Religious Discrimination, Retrieved April 13, 2010 from http://www.eeoc.gov/laws/types/religion.cfm http://www.eeoc.gov/laws/types/race_color.cfm http://www.eeoc.gov/laws/types/pregnancy.cfm Iris:A Journal about Women(September 2002). AccessMyLibrary, Women and the Military, Retrieved April 13, 2010 from http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-95612707/women-and-military-sex.html Bello, M. Lawsuit financial corp. $735,00 Verdict Awrded in Religious Discrimination Case-Law Suit Finance Candidate. Retrieved Apri 14, 2010 from http://www.lawsuitfinanceblog.com/2008/08/735000_verdict_awarded_in_reli_1.html Scott, L.(2009) Serrano’s wins in religious discrimination case. Retrieved from http://www.azcentral.com/community/chandler/articles/2009/01/21/20090121cr-serrano0121.html Chain Leader(2009) IHOP Franchisee Loses Pregnancy Discrimination Case. Retrieved from

Who is liable?

This situation is full of negligence .So let’s start from the very beginning.â€Å"Bobby and Rachel were playing basketball on the school playground with a brand new backboard and rim built and installed by ACE Sports†. So this new equipment was installed by ACE Sports and this is their fault that Bobby was injured. If an accident is caused by a defective product, the manufacturer and seller of the product are both liable even if the injured person doesn't know which one was careless in creating or allowing the defect, or exactly how the defect happened.Also they were playing at the school playground, so the school authorities should stick to the security rules, and check school equipments. As we can see Rachel was also a â€Å"good† example of negligence, she wasn’t aware of the first aid rules and this is the fault of the school. She even didn’t have any idea to take Bobby to the school First Aid Box .As it known   The Health and Safety (First A id) Regulations, 1981, placed a general duty on the University to make adequate First Aid provision for all employees should they be injured or become ill at work.Each School and/or building is therefore required to provide:  a number of properly stocked First Aid Boxes appropriate to the risks of accidents or injuries that could arise from school activities and to place these boxes in the care of an Appointed Person or qualified First Aider;  access to the services of one or more qualified First Aiders as appropriate to the work of the School (Area);   notices giving the names and locations of the qualified First Aiders, Appointed Persons and the locations of the First Aid Boxes.The increased risk of injuries in recent years has made us all the more sensitive of the need for clear communication with youth and parents or legal guardians, for appropriate supervision for all activities, and proper maintenance of our facilities to reduce the possibility of accidental injury. The term â€Å"risk management† is often used to describe efforts to minimize possible injuries to those who are in care.A teacher’s duty of care also relates to the quality of instruction or training provided to the students. Regulation 298 requires teachers to â€Å"be responsible for effective instruction, training and evaluation of the progress of pupils in the subjects assigned to the teacher.†Ineffective instruction and training can cause serious harm to students, especially to those participating in activities that have the potential to place them at risk. When planning courses and activities for students, educators should consider what needs to be done to reduce risks of liability. Teachers must make every effort to address such crucial issues as the degree of supervision required, the instruction and training needed to permit the students to function properly, and the condition of the equipment to be used. So Rachel had no experience at all in this aria.The next element of negligence: â€Å"When they arrived at City General hospital, Bobby was immediately seen by a nurse who gave a large towel to Bobby.   Nurse Williams told Bobby to put pressure on the cut while she tried to get a hold of his parents.† As we can see even the nurse didn’t provide right first aid. Instead of towel she should give special bandage:   â€Å"Individually Wrapped Triangular Bandages (preferably sterile): can be used as a pad to stop bleeding, as a sterile covering for large injuries such as burns, as a bandage, or to make a sling.† So we can judge her for the negligence because a person can be considered negligent whenever he or she had a duty to act carefully and failed to do so. She failed not only provide first aid but also she made him to wait, instead of giving him certain treatment.Unfortunately this hospital shows us that a great part of its staff failed in their duty: Dr. Andrews, a surgeon who was going to have a lunch and sent him to make an x-rate, then ten minutes later, Nurse Williams who told Bobby to go to the x-ray department, Johnny, the x-ray technologist who took some x-rays and sent Bobby back. So let’s turn to the STATE (TORT) LIABILITY LAW.There are three types of torts under state law, each with different levels of proof and focusing upon different elements of the injury or damage. Evidence rules, precedent, and judicial discretion play a role in determining what type of tort law will be applied.NEGLIGENCE — In this case, intent or mental state do not matter. What matters is whether some inadvertent act or failure to act created an unreasonable risk to another member of society. (Examples: speeding resulting in traffic accident; not responding to 911 call) Most states have three levels of negligence: (1) slight or mere (absence of foresight); (2) gross (reckless disregard) this is our case and (3) criminal. To be prosecuted under tort law for negligence usually requires at least level 2 since to be prosecuted for mere negligence requires considering foresee ability which would support charging the person with an intentional tort or not.Examples of gross negligence or accumulations of mere negligence constitute deliberate indifference.   This standard is usually satisfied by looking at whether or not the agency administration engaged in supervisory negligence. Virtually every decision a police administrator makes subjects them to possible liability. There are examples of supervisory negligence and our case relates to them:Failure to treat – also a liability of officers and jail manager; not providing first aid, ambulance service, or counselling (given the foresee ability of suicide); Negligent entrustment ;Negligent assignment ;Failure to direct ;Failure to discipline; Failure to investigate ;Failure to protect ;Negligent classification etc.Negligence, according to Sr. Mary Angela Shaughnessy, S.C.N., J.D., is the most common of all lawsuits f iled against educators. Negligence is an unintentional act or omission, which results in injury. Due to the fact that negligence is unintentional, a person charged with negligence is generally not going to face criminal charges but monetary charges (Shaughnessy, 1996, pp.8-9).So I also can state that we deal with not only simple, everyday negligence but with Legal negligence. Legal negligence must include four elements. If any of these elements is missing, legal negligence cannot be found. The four elements of negligence are:Duty †¢ Violation of duty †¢ Proximate cause †¢ InjuryOur case has all this elements.The person charged with negligence must have had a responsibility or a duty in the situation. Injuries that occur at a place or time where the person does not have responsibility does not constitute liability. Violation of duty means that the person charged with negligence was not engaged in the responsibility or duty. Accidents can happen even with proper supervi sion but there is no negligence if there is no violation of duty. And as we can see the violation of duty had a great deal in this case.Now I can state that I have entirely evaluated the potential liability (tort or otherwise) of the various parties in this case.SOURCES1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Police Liability Concerning Human Rights2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kappeler, V. (1993). Critical Issues in Police Civil Liability. Prospect Heights, IL: Waveland Press.

Analysis of ‘‘The Lifeguard’’ by Mary Morris Essay

‘‘The Lifeguard’’ by Mary Morris is a short story that focusses on change over time. A lifeguard accustomed to be the lord of all he surveys and with a big self-esteem, has a rude awakening when he proves deficient in the first aid needed to save a toddler, Becky, on the beach. The author demonstrates that we realise what we have only when a shattering event occurs. Trough characterization, foreshadowing and symbolism, Morris infers that once we realise what we have, it’s too late. The character outlook of what he sees has clearly changed from the beginning to the end of the story. At first, the lifeguard saw the beach just as a way of being seen and appreciated by the girls and envied by the other man. He was narcissistic, ‘‘Girls clung to my stand, [†¦] and I could do no wrong’’ (p.98) and the way he was always talking about how much he loved his body, and it made him lose the real reason why he was at the beach. He wanted to be admired by people on the beach. But when a child almost died in his arm because he was not really aware of what was going on near him and his incapacity to save Becky started to bother him. So he went to Mrs. Lovenheim’s house, where he realised something profound on the emptiness of his live. He thought he had all what he wanted, but the most important was missing, true love. This reality changed his perception of life as he said: ‘’I’ve never seen the water and the umbrellas of summer in the same way again’’ (p.105). Mrs. Lovenheim made him fall into despair as she left him at the doorstep, him, the lifeguard who had a tremendous self-confidence. Ric Spencer acted as a foreshadowing character. He clearly missed the time where he was lifeguard. As soon as he could, he was going close to Josh to talk about the old time when he used to be lifeguard. Ric often gave advices to Josh to always be careful, because only a split second of distraction and a bad event, like the drowning of Billy Mandel, can happens. Ric was always there to tell the principal character ‘‘You don’t know what you’ve got’’, ‘‘You don’t know how lucky you are’’ (p.101), because the older man realised the chance he had to be lifeguard and because it is at about the age of Josh that h e could choose a job he would have love more. So he is often telling Josh to enjoy while staying careful, because he knows you won’t always have the perfect job and that an accident has bad consequence. When Becky almost died, it completely gave full meaning to Ric’s words. It is as if Josh hit a wall. This has ruined his summer. He should have listened to many advices given by his former lifeguard instead of laughing of him. Mrs. Lovenheim was represented as a symbol superiority of throughout the story. As it progresses, he kept on talking about how Mrs. Lovenheim was always looking at him. It made him proud; otherwise he would not have talked about her all along the story. For him, the fact that this women was looking at him was a proof that he was admired by other people on the beach, that he was superior to people around him. But when the savior of Becky did not recognized ‘‘It suddenly occurred to me that she had no idea who I was, that she’d never really seen me at all’’. So he thought he was the real king of the beach, but this made him realised he had all wrong. Maybe all what he saw was wrong, maybe all he described was false. Therefore, what he had taken for granted was no longer what it was the day before. He may have to consider everything under another perspective. But the point is that Mrs. Lovenheim was used to be the symbol of admiration he wanted, but as h e saw she barely knew him, his world rocked. In conclusion, Mary Morris displays that we must enjoy what we have while we have it, because if we lose it, it can be on your mind for long time, and you may regret not to have taken good times out of it. The author has been able to illustrate it through his usage of characterization, foreshadowing and symbolism. The author showed why it is important to take care of what we have, because a little nothing can make us lose it all.

Nonwestern Literature Essay

Modern literature does not show the extent to which literature has come. Medieval forms of literature reflected an unprecedented level of purity and originality. A study of the similarities and dissimilarities between cultures reveals the exchange of ideology that occurred many centuries ago. This gives weight to the assertion that modern forms of literature from different regions of the world once shared certain characteristics. It should not get assumed that the different forms of literature arose from the same inspiration. Rather, the varying types of literature occurred separately. However, due to improvements in technology and communication, forms of literature have become similar over time. An in-depth look at Egyptian, Indian, and Chinese literatures highlights this clearly. China and India, as countries from the East, have a winding, rich, and spectacular literary tradition. The exchange of literary accomplishments between the two nations has never ceased even until modern times. The primary groundwork for such an exchange became established through the introduction of Buddhism into China. As a result of this introduction, Indian literature began imparting nourishment to its Chinese counterpart. Thus, Chinese literature adopted plenty of influences from Indian literature. Resulting effects on Chinese literature have manifested themselves in aspects of aesthetic tendency, form, subject, rhetoric and vocabulary. In ancient times, Buddhism served as the key medium for Chinese-Indian literary exchanges. Chinese literature has become more and more influenced by Indian literature in recent times due to the assimilation of Buddhist influences. Nevertheless, the extent and nature of the literary exchange between India and China has become two-sided and complementary in recent times. There exist similarities and differences between Chinese and Indian literature. In both Chinese and Indian literature, the form of literature gets classified as primarily oral. In both Chinese and Indian literatures, extensive written forms of literature appeared in later periods compared to the emergence of oral forms of literature. In both Chinese and Indian literature, the emergence of written forms of literature arose due to the spread of literacy programs pioneered by the ruling authorities in both countries. Also, both Indian and Chinese literatures have different forms of literature contributing to the overall state of literature in the respective countries. Moreover, both Indian and Chinese literatures have experienced changes due to modern influences from the western world. On the other hand, a few differences arise between Chinese and Indian literature. Chinese literature has always gotten expression through only one language. This has remained true for the over 3000 years which the Chinese civilization has existed. On the contrary, Indian literature has experienced segmentation due to the presence of numerous languages within India. The Indian culture has officially recognized 22 languages and among these languages, 21 of them have establishes their own unique forms of literature. Indian literature has gotten influence from the various traditions that have governed over the country. Throughout its history, various family traditions have dictated the nature of ownership over the country. In turn, the varying styles of ownership have had an unmistakable effect on the types of literature. Thus, different ownership periods as demarcated by family traditions have different kinds of literature. Conversely, various dynasties throughout the whole period of its sovereign existence have ruled China. This has led to the classification of types of literature based on the particular dynasty that ruled the country at the time of the emergence of the literature. These dynasties include Zhou, Qin, Han, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing. During the existence of all these dynasties, various forms of literature have arisen. For instance, early woodblock and poetry became embraced during the Tang dynasty while novels gained prominence during the Ming dynasty. Chinese and Egyptian literatures share many points of reference. Both forms of literature began experiencing formative influences before the Common Era. Egyptian literature has its roots in ancient Egyptian culture. Along with Sumerian literature, ancient Egyptian literature gets classified as the one of the earliest forms of literature. In both forms of literature, the ownership periods played a key role towards the definition and classification of different types of literature. Both Chinese and Egyptian forms of literature have pioneered forms of writing, which had not existed earlier. Egyptian literature gave rise to hieroglyphics. Also, the writing of blurbs began in the 14th century Egyptian times. The writing of blurbs thus emerged as a key component of literary writing in the contemporary world. Both forms of literature have allowed the influence of different forms of literature from other countries. Egyptian literature became molded by the influx of foreign poets who flocked the town of Alexandria. These poets originated from Greece and Rome. They immigrated to Alexandria so as to utilize the library facility in the town. As a result of their extended stay in Egypt, the poets began expressing their literature in Arabic language. Inevitably, the existing literature within Egypt became fused with the literature brought by the European poets. The infiltration and influence of Indian Buddhism has played a prominent role in the shaping the Chinese literature toward adopting Indian connotations. Meditation has become a key component of Chinese literature unlike previous times. This lays testament to the fact that Indian Buddhism has left an indelible mark on Chinese literature. In Chinese literature, the initial form of literature consisted primarily of oral forms. Written forms of literature appeared during later periods of civilization. This stands in stark contrast to Egyptian literature, which has the autobiography as its oldest form. Egyptian literature got expressed in papyrus reeds. These provided the writing material on which ancient Egyptian writers would record their literary works. Also, Egypt invented calligraphy, which emerged as a key means of writing during that era. Chinese literature has received influence primarily stemming from the ruling influences within the country. The dynasties that have exercised governorship over the country have molded the types of literature within China. In contrast, Egyptian literature has experienced influences stemming from external sources. The conquering of Egypt by Muslim Arabs had a major impact on the literature in Egypt. Libraries became established and literature thrived. Papyrus reeds became replaced by cloth paper as writing surfaces. Another difference between Egyptian and Chinese literature appears when it comes to the overriding motive behind the change in literature. In Chinese literature, the changes undertaken in literature have occurred involuntarily and with the noble aim of improving the Chinese culture. On the other hand, changes in Egyptian literature have become implemented for the sole purpose of embracing Islam. The majority of Egyptian literature back in medieval times consisted of wisdom literature. This shows that the wider number of Egyptian literary works got written mainly for instruction and guidance. Such instruction recognizes the social format of life that exists in Egypt. Family values take the first place in Egypt. As a result, the forms of literature within the country give precedence to the values honored by families. However, the majority of forms of literature written in China became formulated for the purpose of entertainment. This arises due to the communal nature of the Chinese culture. Hence, the forms of literature become designed in such a way as to amuse and thereby engender a sense of togetherness within the community. ?Egyptian and Indian literatures have stunning similarities and glaring differences. The bulk of both Egyptian and Indian literatures bears literature intended for instruction. Both Egyptian and Indian cultures recognize the supremacy of family values. Thus, the literature of both countries became formulated with the intention of providing the families with instructive information regarding family life. Indian folklore and Egyptian folklore combined as key elements towards the formation of storytelling formats. Both Indian and Egyptian literatures have become molded for the purpose of accommodating religious beliefs. Literature in Egypt has evolved with the passage of time as it becomes more permissible to the Islamic faith and body of beliefs. Since Islam has gained wide acclaim as the state religion, the form of literature within Egypt has sought to reflect this truth in its form. This has endeavored to avoid hurting the religiously-trained consciences of Egyptians. In India, religion has had a major impact towards the changes that have occurred in Indian literature. India plays host to majority of the world’s most populous forms of faith. Buddhism alone has had an understated effect on the form of Indian literature. The prevalence of meditation techniques within Egyptian literature gives evidence of the extent of Buddhist influence.? However, a few differences exist between Indian and Egyptian literatures. Egyptian literature had its beginnings much earlier than Indian literature. This necessarily makes Egyptian literature richer than Indian literature. The superior quality of Egyptian literature becomes apparent through a sober consideration of the genres that have gotten invented due to Egyptian literature. Indian literature has become classified in terms of tradition due to the ideologies that have governed the country. In the contrary, Egyptian literature has always manifested their Islamic inclinations. Also, Egyptian literature received notable influence from European poets while India has risen to become the source of poetic influence to other countries like China. The history of Egyptian literature had its beginnings in ancient Egypt. The River Nile had a massive influence on the development of Egyptian literature. The town of Alexandria served as a major confluence for the emergence of literary influences. This happened because of the presence of the Library of Alexandria. This library served as hubs for poets originating from Greece and Rome, which served as key world powers in that time. The influence of these foreign poets had an unprecedented effect on Egyptian literature. Beginning from the period of the tyrannical Pharaohs until the conclusion of the Roman Empire’s rulership, ancient Egyptian literature got expresses in Egyptian language. Ancient Egyptian literature gains recognition as the world’s earliest form of literature along with other genres like Sumerian literature.? However, forms of writing in ancient Egypt did not surface until the late periods of the 4th century. This included both hieratic and hieroglyphic forms of writing. At some time before the modern era, the available literary works included epistles and letters, texts, hymns and poems, and memorials. These biographical texts got penned so as to document the professional lives of noteworthy administrative marshals. These developments notwithstanding, narrative forms of Egyptian literature became created in late periods of the 17th century BC. The formation of narrative forms sparked a media revolution in the whole of Egypt. Such a revolution occurred due to various factors. The unprecedented rise in literacy levels played a primary role for the revolution. Other factors included widespread access to written literature, rise of an intellectual class of scribes, new cultural sensibilities about individuality, unprecedented levels of literacy, and mainstream access to written materials.? The history and tradition of Indian literature primarily features verse though it also seems fundamentally oral. The earliest works became composed for the purpose of getting sung or recited. In this raw form, they became transmitted throughout a number of generations before getting written down as permanent recordings. As a result of this belated recording, the earliest records of a text appear later by several millenniums than the stated date of its initial composition. Furthermore, probably because the majority of Indian literature appears as either religious or as a reworking of common stories from the Sanskrit tales, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, and the mythological writings, the authors often maintain their anonymity. Biographical components and details of the lives of the majority of the earlier Indian authors appear only in much later myths and legends. In medieval Indian literature, the earliest works in many of the languages were sectarian, designed to advance or to celebrate some unorthodox regional. Much traditional Indian literature is derived in theme and form not only from Sanskrit literature but from the Buddhist and Jain texts written in the Pali language and the other Prakrits (medieval dialects of Sanskrit). This applies to literature in the Dravidian languages of the south as well as to literature in the Indo-Iranian languages of the north. Invasions of Persians and Turks, beginning in the 14th century, resulted in the influence of Persian and Islamic culture in Urdu, although important Islamic strands can be found in other literatures as well, especially those written in Bengali, Gujarati, and Kashmiri. After 1817, entirely new literary values were essay, and literary drama (this last incorporating both classical Sanskrit and Western models)—that gradually engulfed the customary Indian verse genres. Urdu poets remained faithful to the old forms while Bengalis were imitating such English poets as Percy Bysshe Shelley or T. S. Eliot.? The history of ? Chinese literature extends for thousands of years. This started from the earliest recorded dynastic court archives to the mature fictional novels that arose during the Ming Dynasty. These mature fictional novels became penned for the sake of entertaining the masses of literate Chinese citizens. To various Westerners, Chinese literature remains hugely unexplored in comparison to the rich state of the Chinese culture. As a matter of fact, it is a treasure of a very considerable number of brilliant and profound works as each dynasty, in the long history of China, has passed down its legacy of magnificent events and works. For 3500 years, they have woven a variety of genres and forms encompassing poetry, essays, fiction and drama; each in its own way reflecting the social climate of its day through the high spirit of art. Chinese literature has its own values and tastes, its own reigning cultural tradition and its own critical system of theory. Chronologically, it can be divided into four main periods: classical, modern, contemporary, and the present-age literature. Classical literature refers to the earliest period and covers works from three thousand years ago to the late Qing Dynasty and is a virtually unbroken strand enduring dynastic changes. Since it was nearly always developed under the reign of centralized and unified government, it is imbued with the thoughts of a culture that embraced slavery and a feudal society. It was steeped in an enclosed environment that hardly had any real links with religion or least of all the literature of foreign cultures. ? Modern Literature refers to the period from the Opium War in 1840 to the May Fourth Movement in 1919. As the decadent reign of the Qing failed to inspire the minds of people, the literary forms had remained unchanged; till the Opium War in 1840. Then they absorbed the impact of western thoughts as foreigners poured in China and established their colonies. Novels, poetry and other works began to appear with a theme of patriotism and a revelation of social ills. Contemporary literature spanned the period from 1919 to the foundation of modern in 1949 and took on a new vigor, despite the fact that Chinese was in the throes of checkered and complicated times. This period was distinctive as it brought into being a new and revised literary language, form, content and skills allowing it to evolve into an independent and open art available to the whole of society. It attached great attention to people’s lives and a future with strong political tendencies. Influenced by the tide of the world literature, it provided wide and amiable communication between writers and readers. Present-Age literature has evolved since the establishment of the People’s Republic in 1949. During this time, there was a logjam as a consequence of the Cultural Revolution that lasted for nearly 10 years. That era is now long past and we now have a favorable turn on events and a great number of responsible writers deepen the literary forms and content. Nowadays literature prospers. As the Chinese nation is a racial mix of Han people together with 55 other ethnic groups, literature reflects this. The various ethnic groups have contributed greatly in this field.? China stands as the only country worldwide with a mono-language literature for over 3,000 years. This continuity comes from the nature of the written language itself. It is the use of characters, not letters as in Western languages, that is, most important in the Chinese language. The characters stand for things or ideas and so, unlike groups of letters, they cannot and need never get sounded. Thus Chinese could be read by people in all parts of the country in spite of gradual changes in pronunciation, the emergence of regional and local dialects, and modification of the characters. A revolution held in China marked the dynasties whereby a clan ruled over an empire. Inevitably, the significant change of Chinese society that occurred with the change of government invariably led to an alteration of literature. Thus, Chinese literature gradually became westernized and Classical language got absolved from utilization. The national government desired for women to enjoy equal privileges like men. This clamor for an equal status in society resulted in plenty of women writers and scholars. As a result, the amount of politically oriented literature doubled. Academicians got unrestrained access to literature from foreign countries while plenty of students received scholarships so as to study abroad. The New Culture Movement became disbanded and writers endeavored to blaze the trail in transforming China into a modern industrialized nation. Writers also intended to replace Confucian life-style with a modern, westernized one. Under the leadership of the national government, there existed some freedom of expression. During that period of relative freedom, lots of different views and styles of literature became widely popular. But at the moment China came under attack from Japan, the resulting Communist victory led to the curtailing of former freedoms. For instance, only literature that met the approval of the government became allowed. Egyptian literature has also experienced plenty of changes due to interaction with western cultures. The expansion of the international market has necessitated the presence of many foreigners within Egyptian soil. As a result of such mingling, Egyptian literature has become influenced by western attitudes and notions. India has become a key player in the Commonwealth of Nations movement. Inevitably, it has become the focal point for conducting business within Asia. Thus, Indian literature has adopted other cultures. Buddhism has also become part and parcel of the literature of many other countries. This highlights the exchange that has undoubtedly occurred between Indian literature and other forms of literature. REFEREENCES Allen, James P. (2000), Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.? Foster, John Lawrence (2001), Ancient Egyptian Literature: An Anthology, Austin: University of Texas Press.? K, Kripalani (1970). Modern Indian Literature.? Knight, Sabina (2012). Chinese Literature : A Very Short Introduction. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, Very Short Introductions Series.? Levy, Andre (2000). Chinese Literature, Ancient and Classical. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.? Lichtheim, Miriam (2006), Ancient Egyptian Literature: Volume II: The New Kingdom, with a new foreword by Hans-W. Fischer-Elfert, Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.? M. , Winternitz. (1973) . A History of Indian Literature.? Mair, Victor H. (2001). The Columbia History of Chinese Literature. New York: Columbia University Press.? T. , W. , Clark. (1970). The Novel in India.? Quirke, S. (2004), Egyptian Literature 1800 BC, questions and readings, London: Golden House Publications.